Sunday, March 31, 2013

North Korea says it is in 'a state of war' with South Korea

SEOUL, South Korea (AP) ? North Korea warned Seoul on Saturday that the Korean Peninsula was entering "a state of war" and threatened to shut down a border factory complex that's the last major symbol of inter-Korean cooperation.

Analysts say a full-scale conflict is extremely unlikely, noting that the Korean Peninsula has remained in a technical state of war for 60 years. But the North's continued threats toward Seoul and Washington, including a vow to launch a nuclear strike, have raised worries that a misjudgment between the sides could lead to a clash.

North Korea's threats are seen as efforts to provoke the new government in Seoul, led by President Park Geun-hye, to change its policies toward Pyongyang, and to win diplomatic talks with Washington that could get it more aid. North Korea's moves are also seen as ways to build domestic unity as young leader Kim Jong Un strengthens his military credentials.

On Thursday, U.S. military officials revealed that two B-2 stealth bombers dropped dummy munitions on an uninhabited South Korean island as part of annual defense drills that Pyongyang sees as rehearsals for invasion. Hours later, Kim ordered his generals to put rockets on standby and threatened to strike American targets if provoked.

North Korea said in a statement Saturday that it would deal with South Korea according to "wartime regulations" and would retaliate against any provocations by the United States and South Korea without notice.

"Now that the revolutionary armed forces of the DPRK have entered into an actual military action, the inter-Korean relations have naturally entered the state of war," said the statement, which was carried by Pyongyang's official Korean Central News Agency, referring to the North's official name, the Democratic People's Republic of Korea.

Provocations "will not be limited to a local war, but develop into an all-out war, a nuclear war," the statement said.

Hours after the statement, Pyongyang threatened to shut down the jointly run Kaesong industrial park, expressing anger over media reports suggesting the complex remained open because it was a source of hard currency for the impoverished North.

"If the puppet group seeks to tarnish the image of the DPRK even a bit, while speaking of the zone whose operation has been barely maintained, we will shut down the zone without mercy," an identified spokesman for the North's office controlling Kaesong said in comments carried by KCNA.

South Korea's Unification Ministry responded by calling the North Korean threat "unhelpful" to the countries' already frayed relations and vowed to ensure the safety of hundreds of South Korean managers who cross the border to their jobs in Kaesong. It did not elaborate.

South Korean Defense Ministry spokesman Kim Min-seok said the country's military remains mindful of the possibility that increasing North Korean drills near the border could lead to an actual provocation.

"The series of North Korean threats ? announcing all-out war, scrapping the cease-fire agreement and the non-aggression agreement between the South and the North, cutting the military hotline, entering into combat posture No. 1 and entering a 'state of war' ? are unacceptable and harm the peace and stability of the Korean Peninsula," Kim said.

"We are maintaining full military readiness in order to protect our people's lives and security," he told reporters Saturday.

Naval skirmishes in the disputed waters off the Korean coast have led to bloody battles several times over the years.

But on the streets of Seoul on Saturday, South Koreans said they were not worried about an attack from North Korea.

"From other countries' point of view, it may seem like an extremely urgent situation," said Kang Tae-hwan, a private tutor. "But South Koreans don't seem to be that nervous because we've heard these threats from the North before."

The Kaesong industrial park, which is run with North Korean labor and South Korean know-how, has been operating normally, despite Pyongyang shutting down a communications channel typically used to coordinate travel by South Korean workers to and from the park just across the border in North Korea. The rivals are now coordinating the travel indirectly, through an office at Kaesong that has outside lines to South Korea.

North Korea has previously made such threats about Kaesong without acting on them, and recent weeks have seen a torrent of bellicose rhetoric from Pyongyang. North Korea is angry about the South Korea-U.S. military drills and new U.N. sanctions over its nuclear test last month.

Dozens of South Korean firms run factories in the border town of Kaesong. Using North Korea's cheap, efficient labor, the Kaesong complex produced $470 million worth of goods last year.

___

Follow Sam Kim at www.twitter.com/samkim_ap.

Source: http://news.yahoo.com/nkorea-says-state-war-skorea-014344604.html

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Friday, March 22, 2013

Australian PM apologizes for forced adoptions

CANBERRA, Australia (AP) ? Australian Prime Minister Julia Gillard delivered a historic national apology in Parliament on Thursday to the thousands of unwed mothers who were forced by government policies to give up their babies for adoption over several decades.

More than 800 people affected by the policy cried and cheered as they listened to the apology in the Great Hall of Parliament House. They responded with a standing ovation when it was finished.

A national apology was recommended a year ago by a Senate committee that investigated the impacts of the now-discredited policies. Unwed mothers were pressured, deceived and threatened into giving up their babies from World War II until the early 1970s so they could be adopted by married couples, which was perceived to be in the children's best interests, the committee report found.

"Today this Parliament on behalf of the Australian people takes responsibility and apologizes for the policies and practices that forced the separation of mothers from their babies, which created a lifelong legacy of pain and suffering," Gillard told the audience.

"We acknowledge the profound effects of these policies and practices on fathers and we recognize the hurt these actions caused to brothers and sisters, grandparents, partners and extended family members," she said.

"We deplore the shameful practices that denied you, the mothers, your fundamental rights and responsibilities to love and care for your children," she added.

Gillard committed 5 million Australian dollars ($5 million) to support services for affected families and to help biological families reunite.

The seven-member Senate committee began investigating the federal government's role in forced adoption in 2010 after the Western Australian state parliament apologized to mothers and children for the flawed practices in that state from the 1940s until the 1980s.

Western Australia was the first of five state and territory governments to apologize for forced adoption. Australia has eight such governments.

Roman Catholic hospitals in Australia apologized in 2011 for forcing unmarried mothers to give up babies for adoption and urged state governments to accept financial responsibility.

Catholic Health Australia, the largest nongovernment hospital operator in Australia and which provides 10 percent of the nation's hospital beds, said the practice of adopting out such children to married couples was "regrettably common" from the 1950s to the 1970s.

Adoption in Australia is mostly controlled by state laws, but the report found that the federal government had contributed to forced adoption by failing to provide unwed mothers with full welfare benefits to which a widow or deserted wife would have been entitled until 1973.

Australian adoptions peaked at almost 10,000 a year in 1972, before rapidly declining. The report found that decline could reflect the availability of welfare, the use of oral contraceptives and the legalization of abortion.

Among unwed mothers, adoption rates were as high as 60 percent in the late 1960s, the report said.

The committee could not estimate how many adoptions were forced but said they numbered in the thousands.

After Gillard spoke, opposition leader Tony Abbot also spoke in a gesture of bipartisan support for the apology.

He was heckled by some who saw his choice of words as insensitive.

Angela Barra, 45, who was adopted as a newborn said her biological mother Pamela O'Brien had been upset by Abbott's use of the term "birth mother" instead of plain "mother." She also said he shouldn't have mentioned adoptive parents to such an audience or speak of people's right to put their children up for adoption.

"A lot of upset mothers in there lost their children because of demand for babies," Barra said outside the hall.

"People were forced to give their babies up; they were drugged, they were shackled to their beds ... they didn't relinquish their babies; their babies were taken," she added.

Christine Harms, who gave birth at age 15 to a disabled son who died 13 years later in state care, said criticisms of Abbott had been too harsh.

"I think some of the people are a bit hard on that poor man," the 60-year-old said. "We can't all say the right, exact words."

Source: http://news.yahoo.com/australian-pm-apologizes-forced-adoptions-005244507.html

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Cyprus leader says EU bailout deal could come in 'next few hours'

Protesters in Cyprus gather outside parliament as government officials try to strike a bailout deal with the European Union. NBCNews.com's Dara Brown reports.

By Michele Kambas and Lidia Kelly, Reuters

A solution to Cyprus' bailout crisis within the framework set down by the European Union may be possible within "the next few hours," the deputy leader of the island's ruling Democratic Rally party said on Friday.

"There is cautious optimism that in the next few hours we may be able to reach an agreed platform so parliament can approve these specific measures which will be consistent with the approach, the framework and the targets agreed at the last Eurogroup," Averof Neophytou told reporters.?

The lines at bank cash machines in Cyprus are growing longer and in some cases angrier. The European Central Bank has given the island's government until Monday to find its six billion euro share of the bailout or - it says - it'll pull the plug on the rest of the cash and banks will face collapse. The banks themselves remain closed. Faisal Islam of Channel Four Europe reports.

The news came hours after the Cypriot finance minister left Moscow empty-handed when Russia turned down appeals for aid, leaving the island to strike a bailout deal with the EU before Tuesday or face the collapse of its financial system.

The rebuff left Cyprus looking increasingly isolated, with the deadline looming to find billions of euros demanded by the EU in return for a 10 billion euro ($12.93 billion) bailout.

Without it, the European Central Bank said on Wednesday it would cut off emergency funds to the country's teetering banks, potentially pushing Cyprus out of Europe's single currency.

"The talks have ended as far as the Russian side is concerned," Russian Finance Minister Anton Siluanov told reporters after two days of crisis talks with his Cypriot counterpart, Michael Sarris.

Having angrily rejected a proposed levy on tax deposits in exchange for the EU bailout, Nicosia had turned to the Kremlin to renegotiate a loan deal, win more financing and lure Russian investors to cut-price Cypriot banks and gas reserves.

Wealthy Russians have billions of euros at stake in Cyprus's outsized and now crippled banking sector.

Banks are closed on Cyprus but the ATM's are still dispensing cash as the government tries to avert a financial crisis. NBCNews.com's Dara Brown reports.

But Siluanov said Russian investors were not interested in Cypriot gas and that the talks had ended without result.

Sarris was due to fly home, where lawmakers were preparing to debate measures proposed by the government to raise at least some of the 5.8 billion euros ($7.48 billion) required to clinch the EU bailout.

They included a "solidarity fund" bundling state assets, including future gas revenues and nationalized pension funds, as the basis for an emergency bond issue and likened by JP Morgan to "a national fire sale".

They were also considering a bank restructuring bill that officials said would see the country's second largest lender, Cyprus Popular Bank, split into good and bad assets, and a government call for the power to impose capital controls to stem a flood of funds leaving the island when banks reopen on Tuesday after a week-long shutdown.

'Playing with fire'
There was no silver bullet, however, and Cyprus's partners in the 17-nation currency bloc were growing increasingly unimpressed.

To help pay for the $13 billion European bailout, the government plans to take up to 10 percent from all savings accounts, angering those who say they aren't responsible for the economic crisis. CNBC's Sue Herera reports.

"I still believe we will get a settlement, but Cyprus is playing with fire," Volker Kauder, a leading conservative ally of German Chancellor Angela Merkel, told public television ARD.

There were long lines at ATMs on Thursday and angry scenes outside parliament, where hundreds of demonstrators gathered after rumors spread that Popular Bank would be closed down and its staff laid off.

"We have children studying abroad, and next month we need to send them money," protester Stalou Christodoulido said through tears. "We'll lose what money we had and saved for so many years if the bank goes down."

Cypriots have been stunned by the pace of the unfolding drama, having elected conservative President Nicos Anastasiades barely a month ago on a mandate to secure a bailout. News that the deal would involve a levy on bank deposits, even for smaller savers, outraged Cypriots, who raided cash machines last weekend.

Related:

EU to Cypriots: Let us raid your savings or no bailout

Cyprus bailout backlash poses little wider risk - for now

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Thursday, March 21, 2013

Major computer crash in S. Korea; hackers suspected

SEOUL, South Korea (AP) ? Computer networks at two major South Korean banks and three top TV broadcasters went into shutdown mode en masse Wednesday, paralyzing bank machines across the country and prompting speculation of a cyberattack by North Korea.

Screens went blank promptly at 2 p.m. (0500 GMT), with skulls popping up on the screens of some computers ? a strong indication that hackers planted a malicious code in South Korean systems, the state-run Korea Information Security Agency said. Some computers started to get back online more than 2 ? hours later.

Police and South Korean officials investigating the shutdown said the cause was not immediately clear. But speculation centered on North Korea, with experts saying a cyberattack orchestrated by Pyongyang was likely to blame.

The shutdown comes amid rising rhetoric and threats of attack from Pyongyang in response to U.N. punishment for its December rocket launch and February nuclear test. Washington also expanded sanctions against North Korea this month in a bid to cripple the regime's ability to develop its nuclear program.

North Korea has threatened revenge for the sanctions and for ongoing routine U.S.-South Korean military drills it considers invasion preparation.

Accusations of cyberattacks on the Korean Peninsula are not new. Seoul believes Pyongyang was behind at least two cyberattacks on local companies in 2011 and 2012.

The latest network paralysis took place just days after North Korea accused South Korea and the U.S. of staging a cyberattack that shut down its websites for two days last week. The Thai-based Internet service provider confirmed the outage, but did not say what caused the shutdown in North Korea.

"It's got to be a hacking attack," Lim Jong-in, dean of Korea University's Graduate School of Information Security, said of Wednesday's events. "Such simultaneous shutdowns cannot be caused by technical glitches."

Shinhan Bank, a lender of South Korea's fourth-largest banking group, reported a system shutdown, including online banking and automated teller machines. The company couldn't conduct any customer activities at bank windows, including retail and corporate banking.

At one Starbucks in downtown Seoul, customers were asked to pay for their coffee in cash, and lines were forming outside disabled bank machines. Seoul is a largely cashless society, with many people using debit and credit cards.

Broadcasters KBS and MBC said their computers went down at 2 p.m., but officials said the shutdown did not affect daily TV broadcasts.

YTN cable news channel also said the company's internal computer network was completely paralyzed. Local TV showed workers staring at blank computer screens.

The South Korean military raised its cyberattack readiness level Wednesday following the shutdown, the Defense Ministry said. Defense officials reported no signs of cyberattacks on its ministry's computer network and had no immediate details about the broader shutdown.

LG Uplus Corp., South Korea's third-largest mobile operator, which also operates landline services, said the company's networks are operating normally and it did not see any signs of a cyberattack, company spokesman Lee Jung-hwan said.

The companies whose networks shut down Wednesday afternoon use not just LG Uplus' services but also other services from SK Telecom Co. and KT Corp, he said.

The investigation will take months, Lim said.

"Hackers attack media companies usually because of a political desire to cause confusion in society," he said. "Political attacks on South Korea come from North Koreans."

Massive shutdowns of the networks of major companies take at least one to six months of planning and coordination, said Kwon Seok-chul, chief executive officer of Seoul-based cyber security firm Cuvepia Inc.

___

Associated Press writers Sam Kim and Foster Klug contributed to this report.

Source: http://news.yahoo.com/major-computer-crash-skorea-hackers-suspected-075931447.html

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For Israelis, Obama has finally arrived

Like Jerry McGuire, who won his wife back with a simple "hello," President Obama seemed to capture the hearts of Israelis with the first word of his speech upon touching down at Ben Gurion airport: Shalom.

As Obama moved into a carefully scripted speech that swept back millenniums to recognize Abraham and Sarah as the ancient claimants to the land of Israel, Amir Mizroch, editor of the English edition of Israel Hayom, tweeted: "Stop it, stop it, you had me at Shalom."

Obama even trotted out a bit of Hebrew, telling his listeners: tov l'hiyot shuv b'aretz ? It's good to be back again in "the land," the colloquial term for Israel. It was the first clip played in an unusually long evening news program about his visit.

RECOMMENDED: Obama-Netanyahu tensions: Not as bad as 5 other US-Israel low points

To be sure, there were hiccups as well. Obama's "beast," the super-duper secure limo that ferries him around even on foreign visits, broke down when someone ? the Israelis insist it was the Americans ? put in the wrong kind of gas. Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu's joke about preparing Obama a fake moustache so he could ditch his security people and secretly sample Tel Aviv's bars fell flat. And there were complaints that several ministers in the new government had asked Obama to free Israeli spy Jonathan Pollard, to which he reportedly responded: "Nice to meet you," or "Nice to see you again."

Unlike a wedding, state visits have to be orchestrated without the benefit of the main actors rehearsing ? and sometimes it shows. Obama and Israeli President Shimon Peres, a Nobel laureate now in a largely ceremonial position, bumped into each other more than once as protocol officers pulled and prodded them into the proper formation and they tried to smoothly insert themselves into photo ops with cute kids waving the Star of David and the Stars and Stripes.

But overall, Obama managed to sail right through the awkward moments and hit all the notes Israelis wanted to hear. He outlined his vision of a two-state solution as a strong Jewish state next to a sovereign Palestinian one, without mentioning anything about curbing Israeli settlements in the West Bank; promised continued foreign aid; insisted on calling Netanyahu by his nickname, Bibi; complimented his wife Sara, saying the Netanyahu boys must have gotten their good looks from her; and, in a more serious moment, recognized the sacrifice of Netanyahu's family, who lost his brother Yoni in the 1976 Entebbe operation to rescue more than 100 Israeli and Jewish passengers whose plane had been hijacked.

One senior Israeli official who was asked ahead of time about what Obama would have to do to make his visit a success, reportedly replied simply, "Land." Indeed, before Obama even addresses the Israeli public in a speech tomorrow; before he visits the Dead Sea Scrolls, thus implicitly acknowledging that Israel's right to exist here dates back thousands of years before the Holocaust; before he visits the grave of Theodor Herzl, the founder of Zionism ... in the eyes of many Israelis, his mission is already accomplished.

For the Palestinians, the feelings are quite the reverse. But more on that tomorrow.

RECOMMENDED ? How much do you know about Israel? Take our quiz.

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Source: http://news.yahoo.com/israelis-obama-finally-arrived-210039715.html

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Currency Wars: Where Investors Are Vulnerable

Thursday, March 21st, 2013
By Mitchell Clark, B.Comm. for Profit Confidential

Where Investors Are Vulnerable?The supreme art of war is to subdue the enemy without fighting.? The author of this quotation is Sun Tzu (544?496 BCE), a Chinese general and the author of The Art of War, the classic manual on warfare tactics.

Eons ago, I had a summer job in golf course construction. It was tough, dirty work, but it was great to learn how a golf course gets made. There was a lot of manual labor, but to move stuff around, my boss bought Kubota tractors. We pounded the daylights out of those machines. They were tough little tractors, for sure.

Kubota Corporation (NYSE/KUB) is, of course, a Japanese outfit. The company?s shares have been soaring on the stock market?a massive breakout after a seven-year consolidation. The entire Japanese stock market has broken out.

Prospects for the Japanese economy are a little brighter, but the soaring Japanese stock market also has to do with the weaker yen. Japanese Prime Minister Shinzo Abe wants to employ massive fiscal and monetary stimulus this year and a weaker yen policy against the U.S. dollar.

Bloomberg quoted Kubota?s President, Yasuo Masumoto,noting the company is expecting an extra 20% gain in revenues starting this fiscal year because of the yen?s drop compared to the U.S. dollar. Kubota?s stock chart is featured below:

KUB Kubota corp stock market chart

Chart courtesy of www.StockCharts.com

Kubota is pining to get into big tractors (those used in agriculture), and management is targeting the U.S. market big-time. Such an outspoken and decisive new policy to weaken the yen versus the U.S. dollar, to sell more tractors, to boost the stock market and everything else, is 100% political.

The U.S. dollar index recently broke out to the upside, but its long-term downtrend is pronounced. Governments around the world are doing anything to bring growth to their economies. One of the worst culprits is China, but they don?t care.

Planned currency devaluations against the U.S. dollar are happening now in Venezuela and Argentina. Russia is banging on the table about weakening the ruble, and Thailand is placing political pressure on its central bank to lower interest rates to help exporters. (See ?Two Emerging Markets Stomping U.S. Growth.?) Japan?s move was extremely bold.

There is no other market manipulation worse than currencies. And the U.S. dollar is the main target. So-called currency wars are serious business, and the political manipulation they manifest is contagion-causing. The U.S. dollar has a lot of problems, but it?s still the reserve currency. This is why foreign currency debasement is such a serious threat. And the stock market is vulnerable, too.

Everything is vulnerable with currency instability. Food costs, energy, incomes, the stock market?your entire pocketbook; and it can happen quickly. Long-term currency movements are easier to deal with. It?s the short-term moves against the U.S. dollar that are really destabilizing.

The stock market is looking healthy these days, but currency wars are a growing risk. How can you protect yourself? Be extremely conservative with your investments. Is there anything you can really do about it? No.

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Source: http://www.profitconfidential.com/u-s-dollar/currency-wars-where-investors-are-vulnerable/

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10 Things to Know for Today

FILE - Los Angeles Lakers' Jerry West (14) is fouled as he tries to get around Houston Rockets' John Vallely after teammate Wilt Chamberlain set screen in game at the Forum in Inglewood, Calif., in this Dec. 27, 1971 file photo. The Lakers went on to their 28th straight win, beating the Rockets 137-115. (AP Photo, File)

FILE - Los Angeles Lakers' Jerry West (14) is fouled as he tries to get around Houston Rockets' John Vallely after teammate Wilt Chamberlain set screen in game at the Forum in Inglewood, Calif., in this Dec. 27, 1971 file photo. The Lakers went on to their 28th straight win, beating the Rockets 137-115. (AP Photo, File)

President Barack Obama waves as he boards Air Force One during his departure from Andrews Air Force Base, Md., Tuesday, March 19, 2013. (AP Photo/Pablo Martinez Monsivais)

An American flag waves at half staff in the town of Hawthorne near the Hawthorne Army Depot on Tuesday, March 19, 2013, where seven Marines were killed and several others seriously injured in a training accident Monday night, about 150 miles southeast of Reno in Nevada's high desert. (AP Photo/Scott Sonner)

Your daily look at late-breaking news, upcoming events and the stories that will be talked about today:

1. OBAMA AIMS TO REASSURE ISRAEL OF US SUPPORT

The president arrived today for his first visit since taking office to a country eager to hear his commitment to Israeli security.

2. A BLOODY MESSAGE IN IRAQ

An al-Qaida affiliated group claimed responsibility for a wave of bombings that killed dozens a decade after the U.S.-led invasion.

3. QUESTIONS ABOUT MORTARS IN EXPLOSION THAT KILLED SEVEN MARINES

The Pentagon halted use of the weapons after the accident during a Nevada training exercise.

4. WHAT LOWER-INCOME WORKERS THINK ABOUT THE ECONOMY

An AP-NORC Center for Public Affairs Research survey says many who earn less than $35,000 view their jobs as a dead end.

5. CHARGES OF CHEMICAL WEAPONS IN SYRIA

An Israeli official says it's "clear" the weapons were used; Syrian rebels and Assad have blamed each other for the northern attack.

6. CYBERATTACK SUSPECTED IN SOUTH KOREA NETWORK CRASH

The computer shutdown at several broadcasters and banks came a day after North Korea blamed the South and U.S. for crippling its network.

7. SANFORD BID TO RE-ENTER POLITICS ALIVE

The ex-South Carolina governor advanced to a Republican runoff for an open congressional seat.

8. TEEN LAUGHS, WEARS 'KILLER' SHIRT AT SENTENCING FOR KILLING 3

T.J. Lane gestured obscenely to the families of the students he shot dead in an Ohio school cafeteria before he was given three life terms.

9. ACTIVISTS SEEK CHARGES IN IDITAROD DOG DEATH

PETA wants Alaska prosecutors to file cruelty charges over the death of 5-year-old Dorado, who was buried by drifting snow at a race checkpoint.

10. MEMORIES OF THE 33-GAME STREAK

"The only bad thing about it is we were really too old to be able to sustain it," said Jerry West, whose Lakers hold the record the Miami Heat seeks to break.

Associated Press

Source: http://hosted2.ap.org/APDEFAULT/3d281c11a96b4ad082fe88aa0db04305/Article_2013-03-20-10-Things-to-Know-Today/id-7b262f2cdc2f4341a9f4fd96d7364ba8

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More Yawning: Designing and Delivering Successful Presentations ...

HealthLINE , the North Central Texas consortium of medical librarians and libraries, is offering the ?No More Yawning: Designing and Delivering Successful Presentations? CE class on Thursday, April 11, 2013 from 1:00pm-5:00pm, following the quarterly HealthLINE meeting. The class will be taught by the dynamic Michelle Malizia, Associate Director of the NN/LM SCR Regional Medical Library. Upon successful completion of this class, each participant will receive 4 hours of continuing education credit awarded by the Medical Library Association.

Class description:
Are people falling asleep or checking their watches during your presentations or classes? Learn to develop a presentation/class from start to finish. This train-the-trainer workshop will give you the tools needed to engage your audience and increase learning. Four steps of class development and delivery will be discussed: Understanding, Designing, Developing, and Revising. Participants will practice analyzing audience needs and creating lesson plans.

Objectives
Participants will learn to:
understand characteristics of adult learners; create a lesson plan; develop learning objectives; design effective visual aids and supporting training material; apply basic tips to create a more engaging and dynamic presentation.

The class will be held at Haggar Hall, in the Fogelson Forum at the Texas Health Presbyterian Hospital-Dallas (http://www.texashealth.org/DallasMaps) campus.

To register, please fill out the form at http://www.surveymonkey.com/s/ZNFFTMH. There is not a registration fee for the class; however, space is limited.
Additional information about HealthLINE is available via dfwhealthline.org

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Source: http://libprofdev.wordpress.com/2013/03/20/more-yawning-designing-and-delivering-successful-presentations/

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Tuesday, March 19, 2013

LHC rejects Zardari assurance on political activities - NewsPakistan.pk

The Lahore High Court (LHC) on Monday rejected assurance from President Asif Ali Zardari that he would not take part in political activities and asked him to follow the court?s previous orders on dual offices.

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A five-judge full bench of the LHC, headed by Chief Justice Umar Ata Bandial, said the Court would deliver verdict if the President did not desist from his involvement in politics.

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The court adjourned the hearing until March 29.

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The court was told on several occasions by the defence counsel that the President does not take part in political activities an that the party president Makhddom Amin Fahim is leading the party.

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The court however rejected the argument and urged the President to take decision with honesty.

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The court resumed the hearing of the petition seeking contempt of court proceedings against President Asif Ali Zardari.

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The court has been hearing the petition seeking contempt of court proceedings against President Zardari for not complying with its May 12, 2011, judgment declaring political activities by the President unconstitutional.

?

The Federation?s counsel, Barrister Wasim Sajjad, submitted an application requesting the adjournment of proceedings.

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Justice Bandial said the bench had been apprised that no political activities were taking place in the Presidency, however, the media had been reporting that these were at their peak.

?

He further asked what the bench should do with the government?s assurance regarding the cessation of political?activities?in the Presidency.

Source: http://www.newspakistan.pk/2013/03/18/lhc-rejects-zardari-assurance-political-activities/

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Astronomers Gearing Up for Possible 'Comet of the Century'

Astronomers are already getting set for the arrival of Comet ISON, which may become one of the brightest comets ever seen when it cruises through the inner solar system this fall.

NASA has brought together a small team of experts to organize an observing campaign for Comet ISON, which could potentially shine as brightly as the moon when it makes its closest pass by the sun in late November if the most optimistic scenarios play out.

Coordinating the efforts of observatories on the ground and in space should help wring as much quality science as possible out of the comet's solar flyby, Comet ISON Observing Campaign (CIOC) officials said.

"It's a rare opportunity that we've got such a long heads-up time, so we actually have time to organize a campaign like this," said Karl Battams, a scientist at the U.S. Naval Research Lab in Washington and a member of the eight-person CIOC Team. "There's a lot of new science that we could get from this." [Photos of Comet ISON in Night Sky]

Bringing everyone together

Russian amateur astronomers Vitali Nevski and Artyom Novichonok discovered Comet ISON in September 2012 after poring over photographs taken by a telescope run by the International Scientific Optical Network. Hence the comet's official name, which is C/2012 S1 (ISON).

ISON is a sungrazing comet, meaning its long, looping path through space takes it extremely close to our star. Indeed, ISON is forecast to zoom just 680,000 miles (1.1 million kilometers) above the solar surface on its closest approach, which will take place on Nov. 28.

Comet ISON could put on a spectacular show around this time, experts say, potentially glowing so brightly that it's visible in the daytime sky. (The comet poses no impact threat to Earth.)

Skywatchers aren't the only people looking forward to the icy wanderer's solar encounter. Astronomers are excited as well, for ISON's flyby could give them a rare window into comet composition.

"Sungrazers experience the most intense thermal and gravitational stresses of any comet. There's a lot of sublimation of material that doesn't normally sublimate," Battams told SPACE.com. "Once [ISON] gets really close in to the sun, then we could start to see some of the composition that you wouldn't normally get."

So Battams and his colleagues have contacted major ground-based observatories, raising awareness of the comet's flyby and encouraging them to solicit ISON-observing proposals. The response has been warm, with telescope operators typically voicing enthusiasm about the campaign, Battams said.

The CIOC crew has also reached out to some spacecraft mission teams, asking them to consider taking a look at the comet at some point. And a number of them are already on board.

"Observing campaigns are planned by the SOHO, STEREO and SDO solar missions; by Spitzer, Chandra and Hubble space telescopes; and by the Deep Impact, JUNO, Mercury MESSENGER, Mars Odyssey and Mars Reconnaisance Orbiter missions," the CIOC website states. "Other missions at or on Mars are looking into observing ISON, as are a handful of other NASA Planetary missions. We welcome and encourage our international partners to contact us and join in the fun!"

In fact, Deep Impact has already begun its ISON work. The NASA probe, which has also studied several other comets in deep space, snapped its?first photos of Comet ISON?in January.

Sizzle or fizzle?

There's no guarantee that ISON will live up to the hype; it may fall apart before even making its closest solar approach. Comets are notoriously unpredictable and sometimes fizzle out despite great expectations, as Comet Kahoutek did in 1973.

The wild-card factor with ISON is especially high, Battams said, since this is apparently the comet's first trip through the inner solar system from the distant, icy Oort cloud. Astronomers and skywatchers probably won't get a real sense of how the comet is going to behave until early August, when water ice should start sublimating in earnest, he added.

But the CIOC Team is proceeding as if Comet ISON will put on a dazzling show, because that's the scientifically prudent thing to do.

"We have to go forward with optimism and prepare for something really special, something really spectacular, and hope that it happens," Battams said. "If it does, we're absolutely going to be in place to take an unprecedented and comprehensive set of observations of the comet."

Follow Mike Wall on Twitter?@michaeldwall.?Follow us?@Spacedotcom,?Facebook?or?Google+. Originally published on?SPACE.com.

Copyright 2013 SPACE.com, a TechMediaNetwork company. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed.

Source: http://news.yahoo.com/astronomers-gearing-possible-comet-century-205027469.html

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'Biggest Loser' host: Finale is 'anyone's game'

By Ree Hines, TODAY contributor

After a season of grueling workouts and desperate drama on "The Biggest Loser," it all comes to an end on Monday night as the remaining contestants weigh in one last time. But who has the edge between finalists Danni and Jeff and potential finalists Joe and Jackson? ?

Host Alison Sweeney visited TODAY on Monday and took one last look at the group to see how they stack.

"(Danni) has been on her own from so early in the season, and there (was) every chance that she could have been eliminated," Sweeney said. "She stuck with it and she worked so hard, so she knows what it's like to be up against the odds and to overcome that. So I think she's going to be a big threat tonight."

But the "big threat" has some big competition.

"(Jeff's) young, he's athletic," Sweeney added. "He wants it, and he's got the weight to lose still, so he absolutely has a very fair shot at this. I mean, when they left the ranch from on campus, they were all within 5 percent (of each other's total weight loss), so it is anyone's game."

"Anyone" includes the third finalist -- still to be determined by viewer votes.

"We had over a million votes," she teased. "People are super invested in this story."

Whether they're more invested in Joe (the former athlete who's "in better shape than he ever has been") or Jackson (the first openly gay contestant who struggled early in the game) remains to be seen. When we asked readers who they wanted to see in the finale, Jackson held a strong lead.

The official result will be revealed Monday night. The live finale kicks off at 8 p.m. on NBC.

Who are you rooting for in the finale? Tell us on our Facebook page.

Related content:

More in The Clicker:

Source: http://theclicker.today.com/_news/2013/03/18/17357933-biggest-loser-host-alison-sweeney-it-is-anyones-game-in-the-finale?lite

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Andrew 'Weev' Auernheimer Faces Jail - Business Insider

Andrew "Weev" Auernheimer, the hacker who called attention to AT&T's poor security by releasing hundreds of thousands of iPad owners' email addresses, will be sentenced in a New Jersey court on Monday for computer crimes.

Despite facing as much as 10 years in jail, he is unrepentant, he made clear in a recent, profanity-laced phone interview with Business Insider.

"Just throw me in prison at this point," Auernheimer said.

In 2010, Auernheimer and a compatriot, Daniel Spitler, discovered that visiting an unsecured AT&T Web server and entering a number associated with the customer's wireless account allowed him to obtain that customer's email address.

By altering the number and repeatedly querying the server, Auernheimer and Spitler were able to obtain hundreds of thousands of email addresses, which they then released to Gawker.

In 2011, Spitler pled guilty to one count of conspiracy to obtain unauthorized access to computers and one count of identity theft, charges which carried as 12-18-month prison sentence.

Auernheimer, who estimates he and his supporters have spent $250,000 to $300,000 fighting his prosecution, wasn't willing to plea guilty, arguing that all he did was access a public Web server?an action which, if the prosecution's logic is followed, would make all Internet users criminals.

"I'm going to tell everyone in that court what they deserve," Auernheimer told us. "I'm not going to go, 'Oh, what I did is so terrible, I'm so sorry.'"

Asked to write a statement accepting responsibility prior to sentencing, Auernheimer instead wrote a fiery letter of protest on TechCrunch.

"I'm going to defend people's right to access public web APIs until the day I die," Auernheimer said. (An API, or application programming interface, is a way for one application to access data from another application?in this case, AT&T's system for providing a user's email address.)

Auernheimer compared his prosecution to that of Aaron Swartz, the Reddit cofounder who recently committed suicide after learning that Assistant United States Attorney Stephen Heymann was?seeking jail time in pursuing charges that Swartz illegally accessed MIT's network to download millions of academic articles from JSTOR.

"A sane society would lynch [Heymann] in the square?him and his boss, Carmen Ortiz," Auernheimer said.

And how does Auernheimer feel about his prosecutors?

For once, Auernheimer held back.

"I probably shouldn't comment on that," he said with a laugh.

As for jail? Auernheimer says he intends to continue "trolling," or performing stunts and other actions in hopes of provoking a response, even without regular access to a computer.

"I'm looking forward to it," Auernheimer said. "I'm sure there's going to be a lot of trolling done from a prison cell. I can knock a good one on Western civilization just by writing letters."

Source: http://www.businessinsider.com/andrew-weev-auernheimer-att-ipad-hacker-sentencing-2013-3

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Tourist-fed stingrays change their ways

Mar. 18, 2013 ? Stingrays living in one of the world's most famous and heavily visited ecotourism sites -- Stingray City/Sandbar in the Cayman Islands -- have profoundly changed their ways, raising questions about the impact of so-called "interactive ecotourism" on marine wildlife, reports a new study published March 18 in the journal PLOS ONE.

Researchers from Nova Southeastern University's Guy Harvey Research Institute in Hollywood, Fla. and the University of Rhode Island studied the southern stingray population of Stingray City -- a sandbar in the Cayman Islands that draws nearly a million visitors each year to feed, pet and swim with its stingrays -- to assess how the intensive ecotourism has affected the animals' behavior.

"Measuring that impact is important because there's a lot of interest in creating more of these interactive ecotourism operations, but we know little about the life histories of the animals involved or how they might change," said study co-author Guy Harvey, who initiated the project.

The researchers found that Stingray City's stingrays show distinctly different patterns of activity than their wild counterparts, who don't enjoy daily feedings or close human contact.

"We saw some very clear and very prominent behavioral changes, and were surprised by how these large animals had essentially become homebodies in a tiny area," said study co-author Mahmood Shivji, director of the Guy Harvey Research Institute and NSU Oceanographic Center professor, who led the study.

Wild stingrays are active at night and solitary -- they forage through the night over large distances to find food, and rarely cross paths with other stingrays. To see if Stingray City's fed stingrays stray from this behavior, Mark Corcoran, lead author of the study who did the research as part of his graduate work at NSU, and the research team tagged and monitored both wild and fed stingrays over the course of two years and compared their patterns of movement.

They found that fed stingrays swapped their normal nighttime foraging for daytime feeding, and in contrast to their wild counterparts, began to rest at night. They also didn't mind rubbing shoulders with their neighbors: At least 164 stingrays abandoned the species' normal solitary behavior, crowding together in less than a quarter square mile of space at Stingray City. They even formed schools and fed together. The fed stingrays mated and became pregnant year-round, instead of during a specific mating season, and also showed signs of unusual aggression, biting each other more frequently than their wild counterparts.

These results suggest that human-provided food can dramatically change how even large, highly mobile ocean animals behave -- with potentially serious consequences, the researchers conclude.

"There are likely to be some health costs that come with these behavior changes, and they could be detrimental to the animals' well-being in the long term," Shivji said. Stingray City means big business in the Cayman Islands, where each stingray generates as much as $500,000 annually in tourism income, Harvey said. The team plans to continue to monitor Stingray City's population to track its health -- and the industry's impact -- over time.

"Right now, these animals have no protection at all," Harvey said. "Without more studies like these, we won't know what that means for the wildlife or if we need to take action. It's unclear how much of the stingray's daily diet comes from tourism provided food, but the good news is we have seen the animals forage when tourists are absent suggesting that these animal are not completely dependent on these handouts."

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Story Source:

The above story is reprinted from materials provided by Nova Southeastern University, via Newswise.

Note: Materials may be edited for content and length. For further information, please contact the source cited above.


Journal Reference:

  1. Mark J. Corcoran, Bradley M. Wetherbee, Mahmood S. Shivji, Matthew D. Potenski, Demian D. Chapman, Guy M. Harvey. Supplemental Feeding for Ecotourism Reverses Diel Activity and Alters Movement Patterns and Spatial Distribution of the Southern Stingray, Dasyatis americana. PLoS ONE, 2013; 8 (3): e59235 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0059235

Note: If no author is given, the source is cited instead.

Disclaimer: Views expressed in this article do not necessarily reflect those of ScienceDaily or its staff.

Source: http://feeds.sciencedaily.com/~r/sciencedaily/top_news/~3/YW0B8idmRkk/130318202914.htm

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Celebs Celebrate Milk + Bookies? 4th Annual Story Time Event

Celebrities including Julie Bowen, Constance Zimmer and Max Greenfield bring their families to celebrate the Milk + Bookies event in L.A. on March 10.

Source: http://feeds.celebritybabies.com/~r/celebrity-babies/~3/cGMLW8HPQwQ/

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Sunday, March 17, 2013

Math class is hard! (Part 2) (Unqualified Offerings)

Share With Friends: Share on FacebookTweet ThisPost to Google-BuzzSend on GmailPost to Linked-InSubscribe to This Feed | Rss To Twitter | Politics - Top Stories Stories, RSS Feeds and Widgets via Feedzilla.

Source: http://news.feedzilla.com/en_us/stories/politics/top-stories/291737333?client_source=feed&format=rss

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Former Egyptian ministers found not guilty

CAIRO (AP) ? An Egyptian court has cleared two former ministers of charges that they sold state lands for cut-rate prices in the country's prized Red Sea resort areas.

Former Tourism Minister Zuheir Garana and ex-Housing Minister Ahmed Maghrabi were found not guilty in the case involving the sale of land in the Red Sea resort of Ain Sokhna and the popular tourist city of Hurgahda.

The land was purchased by a businessman from the United Arab Emirates when Hosni Mubarak was president.

State auditors reviewed the case prior to Saturday's verdict.

Garana was sentenced to up to eight years in prison and Maghrabi received a five-year sentence for guilty verdicts in previous corruption trials.

Their requests for appeals have been accepted and the two will be allowed out of prison pending retrials.

Source: http://news.yahoo.com/former-egyptian-ministers-found-not-guilty-125714765.html

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Apple Is Normal Again: #2 In The SPY ETF And No Longer A Stand-Alone Asset Class

With size comes the expectation of leadership. That may or may not be true in the real world, but it seems true in the stock market. Apple (AAPL) was once a stock market leader and seemed to have significance for the broader market. Times have clearly changed. Everybody is aware of the precipitous fall in Apple's stock price, but a more subtle change has occurred that could be good for the stock. Apple is now #2 in the SPDR S&P 500 ETF (SPY). It lost the top spot to Exxon Mobil (XOM), which comprises 2.93% of the SPY, compared to 2.91% for Apple (as of March 14, 2013). Near its peak, Apple represented 4.44% of the S&P 500 (end of June 2012). In this article, I will discuss some of the implications of Apple's return to normalcy and how it could be a positive catalyst for the stock.

The Apple Selloff

There were lots of reasons for the selloff in Apple's stock price from approximately $700 per share. The failure to meet expectations, margin concerns, questions about the product pipeline, competition from Samsung, capital structure complaints and many other issues weighed down the stock in recent months.

However, an important aspect of investor psychology seems to have been overlooked. During Apple's ascent to $700 per share it represented a larger and larger percentage of the S&P 500. Many mutual funds and other investors try to hug the index to guarantee that their performance does not under-perform by too much. There was an increasing incentive for these investors to buy more shares of Apple and to match the weighting of Apple in their portfolios to the weighting in the S&P 500. Many investors likely bought shares of Apple just because they were underweight Apple, not necessarily based on financial projections or product analysis. The catch-up buying was probably exacerbated by the speed of the move up to $700, which created a cycle of more and more demand for the stock. On top of this, momentum investors had a field day with Apple.

A few months ago I looked at the holdings of a large-cap mutual fund that was supposed to be conservative and saw that it had an ~10% weighting in Apple. Regardless of Apple's prospects, I wondered if a 10% weighting in any stock was really that conservative. How did Apple's weighting get so big? It probably had something to do with the fact that Apple's weighting in the S&P 500 increased so dramatically. Many smart investors made a lot of money investing in Apple for the right reasons, but there was probably a lot of buying for the wrong reasons too.

Now the selloff. If you bought Apple to play catch-up you probably were not the first to sell at $700, but once the selling began you probably played catch-up on the way down too. With Apple's nosedive coinciding with a great period for the S&P 500 and many other stocks, there was even more incentive to sell if you were only there to play the catch-up in the first place.

On June 29, 2012, Apple's weighting in the S&P 500 was 119 bps more than Exxon's weighting (4.44% vs. 3.25%), but now Exxon is ahead by 2 bps and both represent less than 3% of the S&P 500.

Things are a lot more normal now, but is that good or bad?

Apple Is No Longer A Stand-Alone Asset Class

I heard lots of talk during Apple's 2011/2012 rally about Apple becoming its own asset class. Clearly, with the pedestrian rank of #2 in the SPY, Apple no longer deserves that title. So, if Apple is no longer a stand-alone asset class, what could that mean for the stock? Maybe, some more correlation.

Apple's recent decline comes in sharp contrast to the strength in the S&P 500, especially since early December.

(click to enlarge)

(Source: FreeStockCharts.com)

In fact, the long-term trend has been for Apple becoming increasingly correlated to the S&P 500. According to Seeking Alpha, Apple has a 36 month Beta of 0.74 and a 60 month Beta of 1.04.

The following chart shows the long-term trend for Apple's Beta as it has moved closer and closer to 1:

AAPL Beta Chart

AAPL Beta data by YCharts

Apple's Return To Normalcy Coincides With A Resetting Of Earnings Estimates

Not only has Apple returned to normalcy in terms of its place in the SPY ETF, Apple's management reset earnings expectations. Actually, it reset its approach to giving guidance. Historically, Apple would give extremely conservative guidance estimates that analysts and investors then inflated to come up with their own projections. After a few quarters of performing well relative to guidance, but falling short of expectations, Apple hit the reset button during the last earnings call.

Peter Oppenheimer, Apple's CFO, said in last earnings call (here):

"In addition to the reporting changes that I've already mentioned to further increase transparency into our business we're changing our approach to how we provide guidance. In recent years our guidance reflected a conservative point estimate of results every quarter that we have reasonable confidence in achieving. Going forward we plan to provide a range of guidance that reflects our belief of what we're likely to achieve." (Source: Seeking Alpha)

This new approach was one of the reasons that equity analysts cut their earnings estimates since January.

The following table displays the earnings estimates for Apple over the last three months. Note that the last earnings call was on January 23, so the 60-days-ago numbers were roughly the pre-call estimates.

(Source: Yahoo Finance)

It remains to be seen how Apple performs relative to the new guidance and how much investors and analysts can trust the new approach. If Apple's guidance proves more useful we may see another manifestation of Apple's return to normalcy, which could be a positive for the company.

Valuation

A more normal Apple that is no longer a stand-alone asset class, has a more traditional market correlation and less volatility in earnings estimates, may start to get credit for its low valuation. Over long periods of time, fundamentals and valuation matter, but anything can happen in the short term. It seems that the "Apple is cheap on a valuation basis" argument has not mattered during Apple's sharp drop from $700 per share, but maybe it could come back soon. Certainly, David Einhorn is doing his best to force Apple to return more cash to shareholders.

Interestingly, Apple's trailing TTM P/E and forward P/E are below the lows of the 2008/2009 financial crisis. Lots of people are looking at Apple's price chart and trying to find a level where the stock should/could/may put in a low, but maybe the P/E chart can give a better indication.

AAPL PE Ratio TTM Chart

AAPL PE Ratio TTM data by YCharts

Furthermore, with a growing level of cash per share, over time Apple's P/E multiple ex-cash has decreased even further.

In contrast to Apple's 10.0x and 9.7x trailing and forward P/E multiples, the SPY has a 16.4x and 14.1x trailing and forward P/E multiples.

Conclusions

Apple's era as a stand-alone asset class is over. The beat up and bruised stock is now #2 in the SPY. As the shenanigans on the way up and way down fade away we may see a more normal stock price performance. Apple may become more correlated to the S&P 500 and more predictable in its earnings performance relative to expectations. In such a scenario, maybe Apple's below market valuation and huge cash hoard will soon become catalysts to put the stock back on an upward trajectory.

Risks

Even after the large price drop, Apple still has many risks. Apple faces constant pressure to come up with the next big thing and its rivals are catching up. It may never have revolutionary products like the iPod and iPhone again. Furthermore, Apple faces margin pressures. One could argue that a lot of risk is priced into the stock given its P/E that is below market, but Apple is in an industry that has seen giants fall and disappear, so there are no guarantees that it can continue to innovate and sell its products.

Disclaimer

The opinions expressed above should not be construed as investment advice. This article is not tailored to specific investment objectives. Reliance on this information for the purpose of buying the securities to which this information relates may expose a person to significant risk. The information contained in this article is not intended to make any offer, inducement, invitation or commitment to purchase, subscribe to, provide or sell any securities, service or product or to provide any recommendations on which one should rely for financial, securities, investment or other advice or to take any decision. Readers are encouraged to seek individual advice from their personal, financial, legal and other advisers before making any investment or financial decisions or purchasing any financial, securities or investment related service or product.

Information provided, whether charts or any other statements regarding market, real estate or other financial information, is obtained from sources which we and our suppliers believe reliable, but we do not warrant or guarantee the timeliness or accuracy of this information. Nothing in this article should be interpreted to state or imply that past results are an indication of future performance.

THERE ARE NO WARRANTIES EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED AS TO ACCURACY, TIMELINESS, COMPLETENESS, OR RESULTS OBTAINED FROM ANY INFORMATION IN THIS ARTICLE OR ANY LINKED WEBSITE.

Disclosure: I am long AAPL. I wrote this article myself, and it expresses my own opinions. I am not receiving compensation for it (other than from Seeking Alpha). I have no business relationship with any company whose stock is mentioned in this article. (More...)

Additional disclosure: I may trade any of the stocks/ETFs mentioned in the article at any time, including in the next 72 hours.

Source: http://seekingalpha.com/article/1280771-apple-is-normal-again-2-in-the-spy-etf-and-no-longer-a-stand-alone-asset-class?source=feed

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Scientists produce cloned embryos of extinct frog

Mar. 15, 2013 ? The genome of an extinct Australian frog has been revived and reactivated by a team of scientists using sophisticated cloning technology to implant a "dead" cell nucleus into a fresh egg from another frog species.

The bizarre gastric-brooding frog, Rheobatrachus silus -- which uniquely swallowed its eggs, brooded its young in its stomach and gave birth through its mouth -- became extinct in 1983.

But the Lazarus Project team has been able to recover cell nuclei from tissues collected in the 1970s and kept for 40 years in a conventional deep freezer. The "de-extinction" project aims to bring the frog back to life.

In repeated experiments over five years, the researchers used a laboratory technique known as somatic cell nuclear transfer. They took fresh donor eggs from the distantly related Great Barred Frog, Mixophyes fasciolatus, inactivated the egg nuclei and replaced them with dead nuclei from the extinct frog. Some of the eggs spontaneously began to divide and grow to early embryo stage -- a tiny ball of many living cells.

Although none of the embryos survived beyond a few days, genetic tests confirmed that the dividing cells contain the genetic material from the extinct frog.

The results are yet to be published.

"We are watching Lazarus arise from the dead, step by exciting step," says the leader of the Lazarus Project team, Professor Mike Archer, of the University of New South Wales, in Sydney. "We've reactivated dead cells into living ones and revived the extinct frog's genome in the process. Now we have fresh cryo-preserved cells of the extinct frog to use in future cloning experiments.

"We're increasingly confident that the hurdles ahead are technological and not biological and that we will succeed. Importantly, we've demonstrated already the great promise this technology has as a conservation tool when hundreds of the world's amphibian species are in catastrophic decline."

The technical work was led by Dr Andrew French and Dr Jitong Guo, formerly of Monash University, in a University of Newcastle laboratory led by frog expert, Professor Michael Mahony, along with Mr Simon Clulow and Dr John Clulow. The frozen specimens were preserved and provided by Professor Mike Tyler, of the University of Adelaide, who extensively studied both species of gastric-brooding frog -- R. silus and R. vitellinus -- before they vanished in the wild in 1979 and 1985 respectively.

UNSW's Professor Archer spoke publicly for the first time today about the Lazarus Project and also about his ongoing interest in cloning the extinct Australian thylacine, or Tasmanian tiger, at the TEDx DeExtinction event in Washington DC, hosted by Revive and Restore and the National Geographic Society.

Researchers from around the world are gathered there to discuss progress and plans to 'de-extinct' other extinct animals and plants. Possible candidate species include the woolly mammoth, dodo, Cuban red macaw and New Zealand's giant moa.

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Source: http://feeds.sciencedaily.com/~r/sciencedaily/top_news/top_science/~3/a2TO_24fMU8/130315151044.htm

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Formspring Is Closing - Business Insider

Formspring, a once-buzzy site that counted more than 28 million users for its ask-me-a-question service, was the Snapchat of its day?an Internet service popular with teens and misunderstood by adults, and well-funded by eager venture capitalists.

Now, four years and $14 million later, CEO Ade Olonoh announced that the company is shuttering its doors at the end of March, writing that Formspring wasn't able to "sustain the resources" to keep going.

Formspring had an incredibly rapid rise, hitting a million users in its first 45 days and growing to 32 employees. It faced a wave of controversy as teens exploited the anonymity of its question-asking service to bully others.

But it never established a clear method of making money, and traffic hit a plateau last summer.

It's the rare obvious, public failure of a once-buzzy consumer-Web startup. Most die far more quietly?and many will meet Formspring's fate as they fail to raise more venture-capital financing.

Here's a video of Olonoh talking about Formspring in early 2012:

Source: http://www.businessinsider.com/formspring-is-closing-2013-3

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Saturday, March 16, 2013

Research Review: Is cardio better than weights for fat loss?

Contrary to recent headlines, aerobic exercise alone is not a recipe for faster fat loss.

Instead, a combination of resistance training and aerobics will lead to the most impressive, and longest lasting improvements in body composition.

Introduction

Back in December, PN?s Dr. John Berardi posted a link on his Facebook page to an article on Science Daily, with the headline:

?Aerobic Exercise Trumps Resistance Training for Weight and Fat Loss?

This post led to much controversy and outraged discussion. Why?

Where to begin?

First, Science Daily?s headline misrepresents the study?s results. The study doesn?t actually conclude that aerobic exercise is better than resistance training for weight or fat loss.

Huh? ?Then what?s up with that headline?

Well, first ? as usual ? the media oversimplified things; to the point of not even being accurate. ?And yes, that?s why most media headlines are not very trustworthy.

Second, the study used terrible training programs. Both the aerobic training program and the resistance-training program were less than optimal. Way less than optimal.

Of course, it?s pretty difficult to draw reliable conclusions about the relative effectiveness of exercise programs that are ineffective in the first place!

Third, this study included no nutritional intervention.

Why is this a problem? Here?s an explanation from JB himself: ?Why exercise STILL doesn?t work.?

Finally, researchers in this study didn?t seem too concerned about the difference between fat loss and lean mass loss. They lumped it all together as ?weight loss?, as though there really wasn?t a difference between a pound of muscle and a pound of fat.

Muscle mass matters. A lot.

Do you like walking up stairs on your own or would you rather take one of those home stair lifts? Have you seen one of these things?

First you have to wait for the lift to ever-so-slowly make its way down the stairs. Then you get in it and slowly go up the stairs.

I tried it once with my pet turtle Herb. Herb jumped off half way up. He didn?t have the patience and decided to walk up the stairs.

On a more serious note: For a while, I researched treatments for muscular dystrophy, a disease that causes severe muscle loss. Do that kind of research for a day or two, or talk to people with muscular dystrophy, and you?ll quickly recognize the vital importance of maintaining muscle, even if your goal is to lose weight.

My biggest peeve in the weight loss industry is that weight loss is the measurement for success. For example, here are some other ways to lose weight:

  1. Amputation.
  2. Osteoporosis.
  3. Stomach flu (though intestinal parasites will do in a pinch).
  4. Coma.
  5. Chemotherapy.
  6. Shaving all your hair off.
  7. Lobotomy.

Thanks, but I?ll pass on all of those.

Muscle helps you walk up and down stairs and pick up a soup can. And, of course, keeping you moving is muscle?s most important function.

But muscle can also help you lose fat and stay lean.

Muscle metabolism

Increased basal metabolism is probably the most obvious advantage of having more muscle. Actually, to be more exact, the more muscle you carry, the higher your resting energy expenditure (REE).

Since REE is the biggest part of your total energy use in a given day, it can change how many calories you burn [1] .

Have you ever wondered why muscle uses energy when you?re doing absolutely nothing? Seems like a waste.

Well, muscle is always up to something. It?s constantly being broken down and re-constructed, or synthesized. In fact, all tissues, to one degree or another, are constantly being remade. ?It takes about seven days to completely regenerate your skin, and seven years to replace every cell in your skeleton [2].

What makes muscle special is that you can make more of it ? a lot more. In other words, unlike bone and skin cells, muscle generation is, to some extent, within your control. Whereas after puberty, you can?t make a lot more of other tissue. Except fat.

Figure 1 Muscle metabolism Research Review: Is cardio better than weights for fat loss?

Schematic of muscle synthesis and breakdown. Muscle synthesis requires amino acids and energy.

Muscle: by the numbers

Your body uses energy to break down and remake muscle. How much energy? That depends on how much muscle you have.

If you really want to know how much energy muscle uses, take a look at the calculations below.

(In case you have deep-seated math phobia, here is the lowdown: Each kilogram of muscle uses at least 10 kcal per day [3]).

Okay with that? Then skip to the next section. Fellow math nerds can read on for the more detailed explanation.

Warning: Math ahead! Proceed at your own risk.

Precision Nutrition Weight Los v Fat Loss 3 Research Review: Is cardio better than weights for fat loss?

The amount of energy being used can be calculated if you know a few things:

    1. How much protein is synthesized by muscle in a given hour (this is called fractional synthetic rate, or FSR).
    2. How much muscle somebody has.

The average fractional synthetic rate (FSR) of muscle protein is about 0.075%/hour [3,4].

Now, the average young, healthy man is about 35 to 50 kg (77 lb to 110 lb) of muscle. (Note, we are referring only to muscle, not lean body mass.) [3,4].

FSR equation Research Review: Is cardio better than weights for fat loss?

Voila! An average healthy male with 35-50 kg of muscle makes about 630 g to 900g of protein per day.

(For comparison, a frail elderly woman has about 13 kg of muscle. We will leave the calculations to you, but obviously, she will be making less protein.)

To determine what this means in terms of energy use, we need to do a little more math.

Four moles of ATP (energy cells use) are required for each mole of amino acids used to make protein. One mole of ATP releases 20 kcal of energy.

So, using the average molecular weight for amino acids of about 110 g/mole, we can calculate the amount of kcal used per day to make protein [3, 5,6].

Energy used per day by 50 kg of muscle:

energy equation Research Review: Is cardio better than weights for fat loss?

Clear as mud?

Well, to repeat, it boils down to an extra 13 kcal/kg of muscle.

Robert Wolfe, one of the biggest researchers in the muscle synthesis field, rounds this number down to about 10 kcal/kg per day [3].

Don?t confuse Robert Wolfe, the protein turnover researcher, with Robb Wolf, the Paleo guy. Despite the similarity in names and the fact that both Wolves promote the eating of meat, they are actually different people.

How much does this matter?

Either way, you might be thinking: Big deal. Muscle doesn?t seem to give a significant metabolic advantage. Right?

Well, not exactly.

First, the 10 kg to 13 kg figure is likely an underestimation [3].

Second, remember that a frail elderly woman has a muscle mass of 13 kg compared to 50 kg for a healthy, young male.

That works out to 37 kg of muscle difference.

Which means that Granny is using lots less energy than our hypothetical young man.

Instead, she is likely to be gaining fat. Possibly lots of it. And she wonders why it is accumulating so much faster than when she was younger (and more active?and?um?slightly more muscular).

Meanwhile, if she had more muscle mass, she would be using more energy just by sitting in her rocker!

Okay, realistically, Granny isn?t going to put on 37 kg (81.5 lb) of pure muscle this year ? or ever.

But she could put on some muscle, or at the very least she could slow down how much muscle she loses each year. And by doing that, she will decrease the fat she gains.

In terms of what?s possible, if a little optimistic?? a five kg (11lb) weight gain in muscle works out to 250 kcal per day, or 2.4 kg (5.3 lb) of fat lost per year ? and over 12 kg (25 lb) in 5 years.

Just from resting muscle. This doesn?t include extra calories used for exercise or walking to your car or rocking in that chair or whatever else you do.

The moral of the story? Throw away your scale (or at least hide it for awhile.)

Precision Nutrition Weight Los v Fat Loss 4 Research Review: Is cardio better than weights for fat loss?

Generally, you don?t need to convince men to gain muscle, but women tend to be more concerned about getting ?too big.?

Here?s why women should gain muscle.

Lose weight the easier way

Here?s a familiar scenario. In January, Jane and Bob agree to lose weight ? together. Jane watches what she eats, counts every calorie, and spends hours on the treadmill every day. After a month, she?s down by a pound.

Meanwhile, Bob decides to drink less soda and manages to cut down to one can a week from his usual four. He gets to the gym when he can ? maybe three times a week ? but half the time, he ends up cutting his workout short. One month of this, and he is ten pounds lighter!

What the heck? Why does this happen? (I can hear women around the world gnashing their teeth from here.)

There are many physiological reasons, but the difference in their muscle mass is one of the biggies.

Let?s compare two women. Jane and Mary both have the same amount of fat, but Mary has an extra 7 kg (15 lb) of muscle.

If, for one year, Jane did exactly what Mary did to maintain her weight? snowboarding, sleeping, swearing in six languages, whatever ? Jane would actually gain 8.5 kg (18.7 lb) of fat, increasing her body fat percentage to 35.8%. Just because of the differences in their resting muscle mass.

The other thing you might notice is that since Mary has more muscle and weighs more overall, despite having the same amount of fat, she actually has a lower percentage of body fat.

Weight versus size

Since muscle is more dense than fat, 1 kg of muscle will take less space than 1 kg of fat. Muscle is 1.06 kg per liter of space and fat density is 0.9196 kg per liter of space.

If you gained 10kg of muscle at the same time you lost 10kg of fat, you would be smaller. About 1.4 liters smaller. On the scale you would weigh the same. But your pants would be looser.

Let?s say you and your friend decide to start two different weight loss programs at the same time. After 6 months, you?ve lost 10 kg by working out and eating right, while your friend has lost 11 kg by lying in bed drinking coffee and smoking.

Your 10kg scale weight loss might equal a 10 kg muscle gain with a 20 kg fat loss. If so, you?d be 12.3 liters smaller.

On the scale, it would look like your friend who lost 11 kg (9 kg of muscle and 2 kg of fat) was doing better, but in fact, she?d only be 10.7 liters smaller, making her 1.6 liters (3.8 pints) bigger than you. Ha!

Meanwhile, going forward, who will maintain her new weight more effectively? It sure won?t be your friend.

Of course, this is an oversimplification, because muscle and fat are not the only things at play. But the message is the same ? losing weight is very different from losing fat.

fat vs muscle Research Review: Is cardio better than weights for fat loss?

Size matters. Five pounds of fat takes up more space than 5 pounds of muscle.

Research question

This week I review the paper that JB mentioned in his Facebook post.

Willis?LH, Slentz CA, Bateman LA, Shields AT, Piner LW, Bales CW, Houmard JA,?Kraus?WE.?Effects of?aerobic?and/or resistance training on body mass and fat mass in overweight or obese adults.?J Appl Physiol. 2012 Dec;113(12):1831-7.

Methods

When it comes to making sense of studies like the one under review, it is really important to take note of the methods. What exactly was done?

The problem of measuring resistance training

Before I get into the particulars of this study, you need to understand that studies about resistance training are notoriously difficult to do.

Why? Well, they?re more involved than aerobics studies, potentially more dangerous, and it?s nearly impossible to measure subjects? efforts in resistance training. In fact, the only thing that sucks more than resistance training studies is a bad workout!

It?s easy to get annoyed when you read about what is typically done in resistance studies. Really: Subjects did three sets of 10 reps, three times a week, for months! Same exercise, same order, same rest, with maybe an increase in weight. That?s not how anybody really trains! Can?t they come up with anything better?

Not only that, but most resistance training studies use machines to minimize the need for supervision and teaching the exercise. ?Remember, most subjects are untrained people who in many cases are overweight and have never exercised. Researchers generally don?t have the money to pre-train people before the study starts, and people don?t want to commit to a longer study.

Even if the researchers did take the time to teach subjects to move properly with free weights, they would then need someone to supervise and spot them. One-on-one spotting could take up to 80 hours a week with only 20 exercisers.

Put it all together and you can see why using machines becomes a more attractive alternative, even though machines are not as effective.

Aerobic exercise, on the other hand, isn?t that hard to teach and doesn?t need a lot of supervision. Jump on a bike, run, or step ? you?ve been able to do that since kindergarten.

Lastly, the big unknown with resistance training is how hard the volunteer is trying. What is really the heaviest this person could lift? It?s really tough to measure.

Aerobic training doesn?t present this problem because you can use gas analysis and blood sampling to tell if someone has hit their peak oxygen utilization capacity (VO2peak). Meanwhile, effort can be tracked with some combination of a heart rate monitor and the onboard monitoring equipment. With downloadable software and weekly checks, researchers can see exactly how much exercise subjects do and the intensity ? to the tenth of a calorie.

That?s why it?s tough to make a scientific comparison of aerobics and resistance training.

Now, on to what the researchers did in this study.

Study volunteers

On the positive side, this study included a lot of participants (196) and it went on for months ? eight months, to be exact.

Something pretty unique about this study is the age range of the volunteers, who ranged from 18 to 70 years old. That?s 52 years between the youngest and the oldest!

While I think it?s a good thing to have a varied group, this may be taking things a little too far, since it is tough to generalize about any particular age group based on these results.

After all, it seems fair to assume that Granny and 20-year-old jock Joey are going to respond very differently to an exercise regime.? Too bad there was no meta-analysis to see whether and how that was true.

Exercise training

After the volunteers signed up for the study there was a 4-month control period to get rid of less motivated recruits before the researchers put the volunteers into one of three groups.

Group 1: Resistance training (66 volunteers)

  • Exercised 3 days a week
  • 8 exercises with machines that targeted major muscle groups*
  • 3 sets per exercise
  • 8 to 12 repetitions per set
  • 180 minutes of exercise per week
  • Once a volunteer could lift a weight for 12 reps for all three sets the weight increased by 5 lb.

*Note: they didn?t mention it in this article, but in another article based on the same study there were two different resistance training workouts depending where the volunteers were working out. Mostly they used Cybex machines, but at one location they switched to free weights for upper body exercises. No mention about the exact exercises.

Group 2: Aerobic training (73 volunteers)

  • Exercised 3 days per week
  • Jogged about 12 miles per week (19.3 km)
  • 65-80% of VO?2peak?(moderate intensity)**
  • About 130 minutes of exercise week
  • Treadmill, elliptical and stationary bikes were used for the aerobic training.

**65% of VO?2peak at the beginning of the study would be moderate intensity but as the volunteers exercised over the 8-month period they would be working at a higher percent VO2peak to keep them challenged.

Group 3: Aerobic and resistance training (57 volunteers)

  • Aerobic training (12 mile/week at 65-80% VO2peak)
  • Resistance training (8 exercises, 3X8-12, 3 times/ week)
  • Over 5 hours per week of exercise.

Results

Group 2, the aerobic training group, lost the most weight ?? an average of 1.76 kg (3.88lb).?The combination group (aerobic + resistance) lost an average of 1.63 kg. (See Figure 2).

The resistance training group actually gained 0.83 kg.

figure 2 Research Review: Is cardio better than weights for fat loss?

Figure 2: Total weight change, including fat and lean body mass. Data from Willis LH et 2012.

Now, if you stopped reading here, you?d come away with the misguided idea that if you want to fit into your skinny jeans or see your toes, aerobic training is the way to go.

Not so fast.

As you probably figured out from the earlier discussion, losing weight is not necessarily a good thing. You can lose weight in a whole lot of ways and most of them aren?t good for you nor do they translate into fat loss.

When people talk of weight loss they usually think of fat loss, but one is not the same as the other.

So. How did these groups compare when you look at the kind of weight they lost?

Here?s where things get tricky. And this is why you should be very suspicious of your bathroom scale. The aerobic group lost lean mass (0.10kg). Not good.

Meanwhile, subjects in the combination group and resistance training groups gained lean mass, 0.81 and 1.09, respectively (see Figure 3).

figure 3 Research Review: Is cardio better than weights for fat loss?

Figure 3: Changes in lean body mass and fat mass. Data from Willis LH et 2012.

Next time you step on the scale and freak out ? ?I gained weight! But I was sooooo good last week!? ??take a deep breath. If you really were good, maybe you picked up adamantium skeleton along the way. No? Well, maybe you gained a bit of water? or some lean muscle mass. Not a bad thing.

You want to lose fat. Not just weight.

And in this study, the aerobic training group lost 1.66 kg of fat, not quite as much as the combination group, where participants lost 2.44kg of fat. Group 1 (resistance training alone) lost the least amount of fat 0.26 kg (Figure 3).

In other words, combination training led to the greatest improvements in body composition.

The rest of the story: drop outs and exercise time

Buried in the study is one of the most important and interesting findings. Resistance training decreased dropout rates (see Figure 4).

Nearly, 35% of volunteers in the aerobic training group dropped out.

Of those, 44% said it was because they had no time.

Okay? maybe so. But look at the combination group, with a dropout rate of only 23%. They were in the gym twice as long as the aerobic exercisers ? 314 minutes/week vs. 134 minutes/week.

Both groups who did resistance training showed lower dropout rates. Which is pretty important if the goal is long-term lifestyle change.

figure 4 Research Review: Is cardio better than weights for fat loss?

Figure 4: Dropout rates from each group after 8 months. Data from Willis LH et 2012.

Actual time spent exercising

Another relevant but unexplored question is how much exercise each group actually performed.

Through a process of self-experimentation, I estimated that each set of resistance exercises would take no more than 84 seconds, with 24 total sets per workout. Since the researchers included the total exercise times per week, I was also able to estimate the rest between exercises.

If you take a look at Figures 5 and 6, they show total exercise time (including rests between sets during weight training) and total exercise time minus rest. And lo and behold: Fat loss in this study is more closely related to actual exercise time than it is to exercise type.

figure 5 Research Review: Is cardio better than weights for fat loss?

Figure 5: Total exercise time for each group. Data from Willis LH et 2012.

figure 6 Research Review: Is cardio better than weights for fat loss?

Figure 6: Correlation between fat loss and total exercise time for each group. Data from Willis LH et 2012.

VO2peak ? Cardiovascular fitness

Resistance exercise alone increased cardiovascular fitness (VO2peak). It doesn?t improve cardio fitness as much as aerobic training or combination training, but does improve it.

Keep in mind that the resistance training in this study was not designed in any way to stress the cardiovascular system. Even so, there was a nearly 5% improvement in cardiovascular fitness (increase of 1.26 mL/kg/min in VO2peak). Not bad, considering that VO2peak is thought to improve somewhere between 5-15% with targeted training. (This varies a bit depending on how fit you are to start.)

Too bad the researchers didn?t measure the strength of the aerobic group to see if they experienced similar crossover training effects.

Conclusion

A quick glance at this study might lead you to Science Daily?s conclusion: ?Aerobic Exercise Trumps Resistance Training for Weight and Fat Loss.?

Usually Science Daily is pretty good at summing up the essence of studies, but they really missed the boat this time.

Aerobic exercise did lead to more weight loss ? a grand total of 1.76 kg (3.88lb) after 8 months, of which 0.1 kg (0.22 lb) came from muscle.

But:

  • The combination aerobic/ resistance training group lost the most fat while gaining muscle.
  • They had lower dropout rates compared to the aerobic group, and improved cardiovascular performance.
  • This group also spent the most time working out, just over 5 hours a week.

From this study, I?d conclude that a combination of aerobic and resistance training and working out 5 hours a week was the best for fat loss and cardiovascular fitness.

Note also, that while this study compares aerobic training and resistance training as if they are completely distinct entities, that isn?t, in fact, the case. The real fat-loss magic results from resistance training that is also aerobically demanding (metabolic resistance training).

Below is a partial list of references that Dr. Berardi posted on his Facebook page.

Bottom line

Your bathroom scale lies to you. ?(Or at the very least you are talking two completely different languages).

When you weigh yourself on the bathroom scale it gives you a number that is your weight. Weight is not fat mass. Your scale says weight and you think fat.

When you lose weight you?re very happy, because you think you?ve lost fat! ?When you gain weight you?re very unhappy, because you think you?ve gained fat!

If you lose or gain weight it could be a lot of things, like water, carbohydrate, last night?s dinner and/or fat. ?So, when it comes to recognizing fat loss, you need to look at how your clothes fit, at how you feel, and at the scale over weeks ? not just one day.

And, of course, if you want to lose weight and fat, a combination of resistance exercise and cardio is likely best.

However, you might not need a full 5 hours a week to get started in the right direction. ?See this article for a more minimalistic approach to getting in shape.

Precision Nutrition Weight Los v Fat Loss 2 Research Review: Is cardio better than weights for fat loss?

References

Click here to view the information sources referenced in this article.

Stanford School of Medicine

Schoeller DA, Ravussin E, Schutz Y, Acheson KJ, Baertschi P, Jequier E. Energy expenditure by doubly-labeled water: validation in humans and proposed calculations.?Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab?1986;?250:?R823?30.

Wolfe RR. The underappreciated role of muscle in health and disease. Am J Clin Nutr. 2006 Sep;84(3):475-82.

Tipton KD, Borsheim E, Wolf SE, Stanford AP, Wolfe RR. Acute response of net muscle protein balance reflects 24h balance after exercise and amino acid ingestion.?Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab?2002;?284:?E76?9

Waterlow JC, Garlick PJ, Millward DJ. Protein turnover in mammalian tissues and in the whole body. Amsterdam, Netherlands: North Holland Publishing Co,?1978:?753.

Newsholme EA. Substrate cycles: their metabolic, energetic and thermic consequences in man.?Biochem Soc Symp?1978;?43:?183?205

Geliebter A, Maher MM, Gerace L, Gutin B, Heymsfield SB, Hashim SA. Effects of strength or aerobic training on body composition, resting metabolic rate, and peak oxygen consumption in obese dieting subjects. Am J Clin Nutr. 1997 Sep; 66(3):557-63.

Poehlman ET, Melby C.? Resistance training and energy balance. Int J Sport Nutr. 1998 Jun; 8(2):143-59

Hunter GR, Wetzstein CJ, Fields DA, Brown A, Bamman MM. Resistance training increases total energy expenditure and free-living physical activity in older adults. J Appl Physiol. 2000 Sep; 89(3):977-84.

Hunter GR, Bryan DR, Wetzstein CJ, Zuckerman PA, Bamman MM. Resistance training and intra-abdominal adipose tissue in older men and women. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2002 Jun; 34(6):1023-8.

Bryner RW, Ullrich IH, Sauers J, Donley D, Hornsby G, Kolar M,Yeater R. Effects of resistance vs. aerobic training combined with an 800 calorie liquid diet on lean body mass and resting metabolic rate. J Am Coll Nutr. 1999 Apr; 18(2):115-21.

Donnelly JE, Sharp T, Houmard J, Carlson MG, Hill JO, Whatley JE, Israel RG. Muscle hypertrophy with large-scale weight loss and resistance training. Am J Clin Nutr. 1993 Oct;58(4):561-5.

Demling RH, DeSanti L. Effect of a hypocaloric diet, increased protein intake and resistance training on lean mass gains and fat mass loss in overweight police officers. Ann Nutr Metab. 2000;44(1):21-9.

Kraemer, Volek et al. Influence of exercise training on physiological and performance changes with weight loss in men.? Med. Sci. Sports Exerc., Vol. 31, No. 9, pp. 1320-1329, 1999.

Hunter et al. Resistance Training Conserves Fat-free Mass and Resting Energy Expenditure Following Weight Loss. Obesity (Silver Spring). 2008 May;16(5):1045-51

Byrne et al. The effects of a 20-week exercise training program on resting metabolic rate in previously sedentary, moderately obese women. Int J Sport Nutr Exerc Metab. 2001 Mar;11(1):15-31.

Osterberg et al. Effect of acute resistance exercise on postexercise oxygen consumption and resting metabolic rate in young women. International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism 2000, 10 (1), 71-81.

Burleson et al. Effect of weight training exercise and treadmill exercise on elevated post-exercise oxygen consumption. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, 1998. 30, 518-22.

Broeder CE, Burrhus KA, Svanevik LS, Wilmore JH. The effects of aerobic fitness on resting metabolic rate. Am J Clin Nutr. 1992 Apr;55(4):795-801.

Poehlman ET, Melby CL, Goran MI. The impact of exercise and diet restriction on daily energy expenditure. Sports Med. 1991 Feb; 11(2):78-101.

Stiegler P, Cunliffe A. The role of diet and exercise for the maintenance of fat-free mass and resting metabolic rate during weight loss. Sports Med. 2006;36(3):239-62. Review.

Schuenke et al. Effect of an acute period of resistance exercise on excess post-exercise oxygen consumption: implications for body mass management. Eur J Appl Physiol. 2002 Mar;86(5):411-7.

Scott CB. Misconceptions about Aerobic and Anaerobic Energy Expenditure. J Int Soc Sports Nutr. 2005 Dec 9;2:32-7

Scott CB. Contribution of anaerobic energy expenditure to whole body thermogenesis. Nutr Metab (Lond). 2005 Jun 15;2(1):14

Robergs et al. Energy expenditure during bench press and squat exercises. JSCR 2007 Feb;21(1):123-30.

Scott CB. Contribution of anaerobic energy expenditure to whole body thermogenesis. Nutr Metab (Lond). 2005 Jun 15; 2(1):14.

Braun WA, Hawthorne WE, Markofski MM. Acute EPOC response in women to circuit training and treadmill exercise of matched oxygen consumption. Eur J Appl Physiol. 2005 Aug;94(5-6):500-4

Geliebter et al. Effects of strength or aerobic training on body composition, resting metabolic rate, and peak oxygen consumption in obese dieting subjects. Am J Clin Nutr. 1997 Sep;66(3):557-63.

Kramer et al. Influence of exercise training on physiological and performance changes with weight loss in men.
Med. Sci. Sports Exerc., Vol. 31, No. 9, pp. 1320-1329, 1999.

Bryner et al. Effects of resistance vs. aerobic training combined with an 800 calorie liquid diet on lean body mass and resting metabolic rate. J Am Coll Nutr. 1999 Apr;18(2):115-21.

Mazzetti et al. Effect of explosive versus slow contractions and exercise intensity on energy expenditure.
Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2007 Aug;39(8):1291-301.

Kelleher et al. The Metabolic Costs of Reciprocal Supersets vs. Traditional Resistance Exercise in Young Recreationally Active Adults. JSCR 2010 Mar 17.

Learn more

To learn more about making important improvements to your own nutrition and exercise program ? or, if you?re a fitness professional, to help your clients do the same ? check out the following 5-day video courses.

They?re probably better than 90% of the seminars we?ve ever attended on the subjects of exercise and nutrition (and probably better than a few we?ve given ourselves, too).

The best part? They?re?totally free ?To check out the free courses, just click one of the links below.

Source: https://www.precisionnutrition.com/rr-cardio-vs-weights

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